Jute
Jute
Tiliaceae
Corchorus olitorius
Corchorus capsularis
Olitorius= JRO 524, JRO 878, JRO 7835
Capsularis= JRC 212, JRC 321, JRC 7447
February month is best for sowing of Jute crop.
Jute crop grows well in rainfed , moderate warm humid atmosphere and sunshine
condition. 25 0 c– 30 0 c is ideal for jute cultivation. Jute cultivation requires about
160 cm to 200 cm rainfall. Humid weather will result in good yield.
River basin or alluvial or loamy soils are best for jute
cultivation. Jute cultivation in red soil may require high dose of manure and pH
range between 4.8 to 5.8 is best for its cultivation.
Fine tilth is required since the seeds are very small . Plain
land or gentle slope or low land is ideal for jute cultivation. Two ploughing s will
make the soil to fine tilth and 2-3 harrowings are necessary.
Seed treated with 2-3 gm Thiram /kg before sowing.
Seeds can be sown either by broadcasting or by line
sowing.
February is proper time for sowing of jute seeds.
Distance between row to plant is for Olitorius is 25 x 5 cm
Distance between row to plant is for Capsularis is 25 x 5 cm
Olitorius - Line spacing 5 kg/ha is required
- Broadcasting 7 kg /ha is required
Capsularis - Line spacing 7 kg/ha is required
- Broadcasting 10 kg /ha is required
Two weedings are necessary.
Add 5-8 tonnes of well decomposed FYM or compost at the time of soil land
preperation (last harrowing). Basal application of 20 kg N, 20 kg K2O should be
used.
Jute cultivation requires good water resources (500-600 mm of water) and plenty
of sunshine. As soon as sowing is completed carry out the first irrigation. Life
irrigation should be given on 5 th day after sowing. Subsequent irrigations should
be given with 2 weeks interval.
Hand weeding has to be carried out twice in 3 weeks to 4 weeks after sowing and
5 weeks to 6 weeks after sowing. Herbicides like Fluchloroalin should be sprayed
@ 3-4 days after sowing @ the rate of 1.5 kg/ha is followed by watering.
Stem rot = spray Dithane M-45 @ 18.56 gm/10 liter of water.
Die back= Two times spray of Dithane M-45 @ 18.56 gm/10 liter of water.
Wilting, Black band, Anthracnose- spray of Dithane M-45 @ 18.56 gm/10 liter of
water.
Jute hairy catterpillar, Stem weevil, Jute Mite and Field cricket- Proper
insecticides are to be sprayed in solution with wateron jute crop.
Depending upon local cropping system Jute crop can reach harvesting stage @
102 to 110 days after sowing but it can also be extended top 140 days after
sowing. Leave the Jute plants in the field for 4 days for leaf shedding. Sort out
thick and thin plants to make bundles in convenient sizes.
Average green plant yield = 40-50 tonnes /ha
Average of fibre yield 2.0 to 2.75 tonnes /ha
after harvesting moisture content is normally 65-75 % Jute plants ar kept
in horizontal position.
Jute is second worlds production of textile fibres. It is alsmost market oriented
crop. 90% crop produced is sold and 5% for farmers for domestic purpose. The
bundles are then taken for steeping in water. Steeping is carried out immediately
after harvest.
Jute fibre is used for many purpose , canvas, cloth
Jute is along , soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong
threads.
Jute is the name of the plant or fiber that is used to make burlap, hessaian bags,
gunny cloth. Jute is one of the most affordable natural fibers and is second only to
cotton in amount produced and variety of uses of vegetable ,fibers.
Jute is also called the golden fiber for its colour and high cash value.
As the top becomes ready in an early July dealers travel round the homes of the
growers buying their Jute and then take to the hats. The fiber is graded into
middle , B, c and Bottom by kutcha baler. A kutcha baler is one who grades the
raw Jute and packs into kutcha bales weighing 250 pound for use in home trade.
China, Pakistan, Thialand Mynmar, Nepal and Bhutan
West bengal, Bihar and Assam.
